Agenda
| Day 0: Tuesday 6 May | |||
| Time (GMT+1) | Topic | Format | Location |
| Technologist Forum (agency only) | |||
| 08:30 – 09:30 | Registration and refreshments | Strathblane Suite, EICC | |
| 09:30 – 09:35 | Opening remarks and welcome | Roundtable | Tinto Suite, EICC |
| 09:35 – 09:45 | Objectives and outline for the day | Roundtable | Tinto Suite, EICC |
| 09:45 – 12:00 | Theme 1: State of play – AI and competition | Roundtable | Tinto Suite, EICC |
| 12:00 – 13:15 | Lunch | Strathblane Suite, EICC | |
| 13:15 – 13:45 | Keynote address | Roundtable | Tinto Suite, EICC |
| 13:45 – 15:00 | Theme 2: Building the frontier | Roundtable | Tinto Suite, EICC |
| 15:00 – 15:30 | Coffee break | Strathblane Suite, EICC | |
| 15:30 – 17:30 | Theme 3: Building our capability – fit for the future | Roundtable | Tinto Suite, EICC |
| 17:30 – 17:45 | Closing remarks | Roundtable | Tinto Suite, EICC |
| 17:30 – 18:30 | ICN Working Group Co-Chairs Meeting | Meeting | Harris Suite, EICC |
| 19:00 – 22:00 | ICN Annual Conference Welcome Reception | Drinks reception | Mansfield Traquair |
| Day 1: Wednesday 7 May | |||
| Time (GMT+1) | Topic | Format | Location |
| 07:30 – 09:00 | Registration and refreshments | Strathblane Suite, Level 0, EICC | |
| 07:45 – 08:45 | Introduction to the ICN | Theatre Open to all delegates | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC In-person only |
| 09:00 – 09:30 | Opening session Speakers: Sarah Cardell, CMA, UK Andreas Mundt, BKA, Germany Justin Madders MP, Minister for Employment Rights, Competition and Markets UK | Theatre Open to all delegates | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC Livestreamed session – join here |
| 09:35 – 10:20 | CMA Host Showcase: The key role of competition in driving productivity, innovation and growth Moderator: Sarah Cardell, CMA, UK Speakers: Andreas Mundt, BKA, Germany Guillaume Loriot, DG COMP, EU Doris Tshepe, CCSA, South Africa Andrea Marván, COFECE, Mexico | Plenary Open to all delegates | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC Livestreamed session – join here |
| 10:20 – 10:40 | Coffee break | Strathblane Suite, Level 0, EICC | |
| 10:20 – 10:40 | Operational Framework Working Group drop-in session | Drop-in session ICN members only | Harris Suite, Level 1, EICC In-person only |
| 10:40 – 11:25 | CMA Host Plenary: Global update on competition in digital markets Moderator: Will Hayter, CMA, UK Speakers: Gina Cass-Gottlieb, ACCC, Australia Ravneet Kaur, CCI, India Reiko Aoki, JFTC, Japan Benoît Cœuré, AdlC, France | Plenary Open to all delegates | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC Livestreamed session – join here |
| 11:30 – 11:50 | Keynote Speech: Andrew Ferguson, US FTC | Keynote speech Open to all delegates | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC Livestreamed session – join here |
| 11:55 – 12:55 | Mergers Plenary: Entrenchment theories of harm in merger reviews Moderator: Matthew Boswell, CCB, Canada Speakers: Guillaume Loriot, DG COMP, EU Ya-Lun Yen, TFTC, Taiwan Andrea Marván, COFECE, Mexico Rachel Brandenburger, NGA, UK | Plenary Open to all delegates | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC Livestreamed session – join here |
| 12:55 – 14:00 | Lunch | Cromdale Hall, Level -2, EICC | |
| 14:00 – 15:15 | Breakout sessions | ||
| Heads of Agency Session (Heads of Agency only): On emerging competition issues: Making competition policy work for the current needs of the population | Presentation and interactive roundtable discussions Heads of Agency only | Kilsyth Suite, Level 0, EICC In-person only |
|
| Mergers: Unconventional merger remedies Moderator: Kaeleigh Kuzma, NGA, Canada Speakers: Mwila Zambwe, CCPC, Zambia Daniele Calisti, DG COMP, EU Joel Bamford, CMA, UK Maria Fernanda Viecens, NGA, Argentina John Kwoka, NGA, Mauritius | Interactive panel discussion with moderated Q&A Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC In-person only |
|
| Unilateral Conduct: Synergies between unilateral conduct enforcement and merger review Moderator: Fabricio Cardim, NGA, Brazil Table Moderators: Rita Leandro Vasconcelos, NGA, Portugal David Nordström, KKV, Sweden James Musgrove, NGA, Canada Dr. Ingo Brinker, NGA, Germany | Interactive panel discussion with moderated Q&A Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Harris Suite, Level 1, EICC In-person only |
|
| Cartels: The launch of the CWG Anti Cartel Enforcement Manual updated Chapter 1 on Raids Moderator: Louise Baner, CMA, UK Table Moderators: Donghwan Shin, KMOJ, Korea Beatriz Pérez Siles, CNMC, Spain Orla Shevlin, CCPC, Ireland Elisabeth Eklund, NGA, Sweden Sil Van Kordelaar, CMA, UK | Moderated roundtable discussions Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Tinto Suite, Level 0, EICC In-person only |
|
| Agency Effectiveness: The role of economists in effective enforcement: Best practices, success stories and challenges in applying economics to competition analysis Moderator: Dr. Jenny Haydock, CMA, UK Table Moderators: Annemiek Wilpshaar, DG COMP, EU Dr. Elisa Mariscal, NGA, Costa Rica Farha Nabiha Hj Mustaffa, MyCC, Malaysia | Cocktail-style discussions Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Moorfoot Suite, Level 0, EICC In-person only |
|
| Technology Session (agency only): Reflecting on the ICN 2025 Technologist Forum Moderator: Dr. Karen Croxson, CMA, UK Speakers: Herbert Fung, CCCS, Singapore Dr. Penelope Papandropoulos, DG COMP, EU Sally Foskett, ACCC, Australia | Presentation and interactive roundtable discussions Agency only | Carrick 2 & 3 Suite, Level 1, EICC In-person only |
|
| 15:15 – 15:40 | Coffee break | Strathblane Suite, Level 0, EICC | |
| 15:40 – 16:25 | CMA Host Plenary: Public procurement and competition Moderator: Juliette Enser, CMA, UK Speakers: Cani Fernandez, CNMC, Spain Byunghoon Ahn, KFTC, Korea Prof. Elisabetta Iossa, AGCM, Italy Alexandre Barreto de Souza, CADE, Brazil | Plenary Open to all delegates | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC Livestreamed session – join here |
| 16:30 – 17:30 | Unilateral Conduct Plenary: Challenges ahead in antitrust enforcement: Assessing dominance/exclusionary abuses/standard of proof/economic assessment Moderator: Eleanor Fox Speakers: Prof. Dr. Hakan Bilir, RK, Turkey Marie Östman, KKV, Sweden Cani Fernandez, CNMC, Spain Reiko Aoki, JFTC, Japan | Plenary Open to all delegates | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC Livestreamed session – join here |
| 18:45 - 19:15 | Short Steering Group meeting | ||
| 19:00 – 22:00 | Working Group Co-Chairs Dinner | ||
| 19:15 - 22:00 | Steering Group Dinner | ||
| Day 2: Thursday 8 May | |||
| Time (GMT+1) | Topic | Format | Location |
| 08:00 – 09:00 | Welcome refreshments | Strathblane Suite, Level 0, EICC | |
| 08:00 – 09:00 | ICC: Business initiatives for better competition policies (Non-ICN event) | Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Tinto Suite, Level 0, EICC In-person only |
| 09:00 – 10:00 | Cartels Plenary: Opportunities and challenges: The fight against cartels Moderator: Diogo Thomson De Andrade, CADE, Brazil Speakers: Jorge Grunberg, Chilean Competition Authority Dr. Derek Johnston, NZCC, New Zealand Lucilia Falsarella Pereira, CMA, UK Nuno Cunha Rodrigues, AdC, Portugal | Plenary Open to all delegates | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC Livestreamed session – join here |
| 10:05 – 10:25 | Keynote Interview: Teresa Ribera, European Commission Moderator: Sarah Cardell, CMA, UK | Keynote interview Open to all delegates | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC Livestreamed session – join here |
| 10:30 – 11:15 | Food Project Plenary: Global market power in food and agricultural markets Moderator: Carin Smaller, NGA, COMESA Speakers: Csaba Rigó, GVH, Hungary David Kibet Kemei, CAK, Kenya Gina Cass-Gottlieb, ACCC, Australia Dr. Fahad Alshathri, Saudi Arabia | Plenary Open to all delegates | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC Livestreamed session – join here |
| 11:15 – 11:40 | Coffee break | Strathblane Suite, Level 0, EICC | |
| 11:40 – 12:55 | Breakout sessions | ||
| Advocacy: Advocating for competition in emerging areas – food & agriculture, digital economy, BigTech & AI Moderator: Joel Omari, CAK, Kenya Speakers: Ana Sofia Rodrigues, AdC, Portugal Gavin Thompson, CMA, UK Martyna Derszniak, UOKiK, Poland Dr. Yusuke Takamiya, NGA, Japan Isaac Tausha, COMESA | Presentation and interactive roundtable discussions Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Tinto Suite, Level 0, EICC In-person only |
|
| Heads of Agency Session (Heads of Agency only): Competition and digital markets | Presentation and interactive roundtable discussions Heads of Agency only | Kilsyth Suite, Level 0, EICC In-person only |
|
| Mergers: Market definition in digital mergers Moderator: Jeanne Pratt, CCB, Canada Speakers: Tzu-Shun HU, TFTC, Taiwan Kenta Suzuki, JFTC, Japan Andrea Pomana, NGA, DG COMP Pedro Hinojo, CNMC, Spain | Moderated roundtable discussions Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Moorfoot Suite, Level 0, EICC In-person only |
|
| Unilateral Conduct: Current trends and challenges in digital markets Moderator: Camila Cabral Pires Alves, CADE, Brazil Table Moderators: Inge Bernaerts, DG COMP, EU Lenvic Elicer R. Lesigues, PHCC, Philippines Sayako Takizawa, NGA, Japan Prof. Konstantinos Stylianou, NGA, Greece | Interactive panel discussion Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC In-person only |
|
| Cartels (agency only): Cross-border collaboration in detecting cartels Moderator: Grant Chamberlain, NZCC, New Zealand Table Moderators: Maria Jaspers, DG COMP, EU Una Butler, CCPC, Ireland Dr. Botond Horváth, GVH, Hungary Dr. Willard Mwemba, COMESA | Moderated roundtable discussions Agency only | Harris Suite, Level 1, EICC In-person only |
|
| NGA Engagement: Pursuing the improvements to the NGA involvement within the ICN Moderator: Alexandre Cordeiro Macedo, CADE, Brazil Speakers: Prof. Pinar Akman, NGA, UK Marcin Trepka, NGA, Poland Ameera Ashraf, NGA, Singapore Wang’ombe Kariuki, NGA, Kenya Prof. Bill Kovacic Melanie Aitken, NGA, Canada | Presentation and interactive roundtable discussions Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Carrick 2 & 3 Suite, Level 1, EICC In-person only |
|
| 12:55 – 14:00 | Lunch | Cromdale Hall, Level -2, EICC | |
| 14:00 – 15:15 | Breakout sessions | ||
| Advocacy: Collaborations between competition authorities and sector regulators on emerging areas Moderator: Kouhei Yoshida, JFTC, Japan Table Moderators: Brian McHugh, CCPC, Ireland Ori Schwarz, OECD Dr. Eduardo Neri González, CONACOM, Paraguay Kate Jones, DRCF, UK Prof. Sandra Marco Colino, NGA, Hong Kong | Presentation and interactive roundtable discussions Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Tinto Suite, Level 0, EICC In-person only |
|
| Agency Effectiveness: Ex-post impact assessments of enforcement and advocacy work Moderator: Antonio Capobianco, OECD Table Moderators: Csaba Kovács , GVH, Hungary Ninette Mwarania, CAK, Kenya Kjell J Sunnevåg / Margrethe Gudbrandsen, KT, Norway | Demonstrations and roundtable discussions Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Kilsyth Suite, Level 0, EICC In-person only |
|
| Mergers: Review of mergers below the reporting thresholds: Comparative approaches Moderator: Giuliana Galbiati, AdlC, France Table Moderators: Saverio Valentino, AGCM, Italy Vanessa Turner, NGA, DG COMP Evrim Özgül Kazak, RK, Turkey Jorge Grunberg, FNE, Chile Jana Seidl, US FTC Giuliana Galbiati, AdlC, France | Moderated roundtable discussions Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Moorfoot Suite, Level 0, EICC In-person only |
|
| Unilateral Conduct: Challenges / interplay between competition law and other regulated sectors (including self-preferencing, among other issues) Moderator: Sung Kim, UNCTAD Table Moderators: Melinda McDonald, ACCC, Australia Eyal Shapira, ICA, Israel Karan Singh Chandhiok, NGA, India Laura Alicia Mendez Rodriguez, NGA, Luxembourg | Moderated roundtable discussions Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Harris Suite, Level 1, EICC In-person only |
|
| Cartels: Using data science or any other technological process or tool to detect cartels Moderator: Charlotte Emin, NGA, France Speakers: Susana Campuzano Fernández, CNMC, Spain Haim Arbib, ICA, Israel Gene-Oh Kim, NGA, Korea | Interactive panel discussion with moderated Q&A Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC In-person only |
|
| Younger Agencies/Bridging Project: Building a new competition agenda from the perspective of young and small agencies | Moderated roundtable discussions Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Carrick 2 & 3 Suite, Level 1, EICC In-person only |
|
| 15:15 – 15:45 | Coffee break | Strathblane Suite, Level 0, EICC | |
| 15:45 – 16:45 | Agency Effectiveness Plenary: New antitrust powers and tools in a fast-changing world Moderator: Doris Tshepe, CCSA, South Africa Speakers: Diego Solano, SIC, Columbia Hara Nikolopoulou, HCC, Greece Rasul Butt, CC, Hong Kong Wang'ombe Kariuki, NGA, Kenya | Plenary Open to all delegates | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC Livestreamed session – join here |
| 16:50 – 17:20 | ICN / World Bank Advocacy Contest Winners Presenters: Roberto Rustichelli, AGCM, Italy Graciela Miralles Murciego, World Bank Group | Open to all delegates | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC Livestreamed session – join here |
| 19:00 – 23:00 | Conference Dinner | Dinner | National Museum of Scotland |
| Day 3: Friday 9 May | |||
| Time (GMT+1) | Topic | Format | Location |
| 07:30 – 09:00 | Welcome refreshments | Strathblane Suite, Level 0, EICC | |
| 08:00 – 08:45 | EU Draft Article 102 Guidelines on exclusionary conduct (Non-ICN event) | Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC In-person only |
| 09:00 – 10:15 | Breakout sessions | ||
| Advocacy: Advocating for fair competition in public procurement Moderator: Graciela Miralles Murciego, World Bank Group Speakers: Irma Urmonaite, Lithuanian Competition Council Gegham Gevorgyan, CPCRA, Armenia Viviana Blanco Barboza, COPROCOM, Costa Rica Kamil Nejezchleb, Czech Republic Julia García–Royo Díaz, CNMC, Spain | Presentation and interactive roundtable discussions Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Moorfoot Suite, Level 0, EICC In-person only |
|
| Agency Effectiveness: Navigating the ICN Recommended Practices for investigative process: Enhancing due process with effective tools Moderators: Paul O'Brien, US FTC and Barbara Schulze, Bundeskartellamt, Germany Table Moderators: Dave Anderson, NGA, DG COMP Lefkothea Nteka, NGA, Greece Jindrich Kloub, NGA, Hong Kong A H M Ahsan, Competition Commission, Bangladesh | Demonstrations and roundtable discussions Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Kilsyth Suite, Level 0, EICC In-person only |
|
| Enforcement Cooperation: Bridging the gaps through international enforcement cooperation Moderators: Rachel Burgess, ACCC, Australia and Cristina Camacho, AdC, Portugal Speakers: Johanne Peyre, APC, French Polynesia Hanna Koehler, UOKiK, Poland Hilary Jennings, Guernsey Competition and Regulatory Authority Graeme Jarvie, KKV, Sweden | Panel discussion and interactive roundtable discussions Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Tinto Suite, Level 0, EICC In-person only |
|
| Technology Session (agency only): Horizon scanning; approaches and future actions Moderator: Dr. Nicky Brassington, CMA, UK Table Moderators: Yann Guthmann, AdlC, France Kim Brugger, KT, Norway | Presentation and interactive roundtable discussions Agency only | Harris Suite, Level 1, EICC In-person only |
|
| Food: Different approaches to the same merger – the case of Bunge / Viterra or similar merger Moderator: James Hodge, CCSA, South Africa Speakers: Lilian Santos Marques, CADE, Brazil Loulou Kenens, AFCA, Austria Sayanti Chakrabarti, CCI, India Dr. Willard Mwemba, COMESA | Mini plenary Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC In-person only |
|
| Island and Small Economies: How competition law enforcement could tackle issues specific for islands and small economies Moderator: Ernesto Kross, Aruba Fair Trade Authority Speakers: Peter Hetherington, Jersey Competition Regulatory Authority Stephane Retterer, Competition Authority of New Caledonia Pál Gunnar Pálsson, Icelandic Competition Authority Johanne Peyre, APC, French Polynesia | Presentations and discussion Open to all delegates – Chatham House Rule | Carrick 2 & 3 Suite, Level 1, EICC In-person only |
|
| 10:15 – 10:40 | Coffee break | Strathblane Suite, Level 0, EICC | |
| 10:40 – 11:00 | Keynote Interview: Gail Slater, US DOJ Moderator: Sarah Cardell, CMA, UK | Keynote interview Open to all delegates | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC Livestreamed session – join here |
| 11:05 – 12:05 | Advocacy Plenary: Competition in all policies: A balancing act? Moderator: Alvin Koh, CCCS, Singapore Speakers: Michal Cohen, ICA, Israel Michael G. Aguinaldo, PHCC, Philippines Benoît Cœuré, AdlC, France Dr. Mahmoud Ahmed Momtaz Aly, ECA, Egypt | Plenary Open to all delegates | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC Livestreamed session – join here |
| 12:10 – 12:40 | ICN Implementation Panel Moderator: Paul O’Brien, US FTC | Plenary Open to all delegates | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC Livestreamed session – join here |
| 12:45 – 13:15 | Closing session Speakers: Sarah Cardell, CMA, UK Andreas Mundt, BKA, Germany | Plenary Open to all delegates | Pentland Suite, Level 3, EICC Livestreamed session – join here |
| 13:15 – 14:15 | Steering Group lunch | Tinto Suite, Level 0, EICC | |
| 13:15 – 14:30 | Lunch | Cromdale Hall, Level -2, EICC | |
Day 0: Tuesday 6 May
Day 1: Wednesday 7 May
Day 2: Thursday 8 May
Day 3: Friday 9 May
Day 0: Tuesday 6 May
Technologist Forum
ICN Working Group Co-Chairs Meeting
Welcome Reception
Mansfield Traquair
Day 1: Wednesday 7 May
Registration
Introduction to the ICN
Opening session
CMA Host Showcase – The key role of competition in driving growth
Coffee break
CMA Host Plenary – Global update on competition in digital markets
Mergers Plenary – Entrenchment theories of harm in merger reviews
ICN lunch
Breakout Sessions
HOA (COFECE) – On emerging competition issues: Making competition policy work tor the current needs of the population
Mergers – Unconventional merger remedies
Unilateral Conduct – Current trends and challenges in Digital Markets
Cartels – The launch of the CWG Anti Cartel Enforcement Manual updated Chapter 1 on Raids
Agency Effectiveness – The role of economists in effective enforcement: best practices, success stories and challenges in applying economics to competition analysis
Technology Session – Reflecting on the ICN 2025 Technologist Forum
Mergers – Unconventional merger remedies
Unilateral Conduct – Current trends and challenges in Digital Markets
Cartels – The launch of the CWG Anti Cartel Enforcement Manual updated Chapter 1 on Raids
Agency Effectiveness – The role of economists in effective enforcement: best practices, success stories and challenges in applying economics to competition analysis
Technology Session – Reflecting on the ICN 2025 Technologist Forum
Coffee break
CMA Host Plenary – Public procurement and competition
Unilateral Conduct Plenary – Challenges ahead in antitrust enforcement: Assessing dominance/exclusionary abuses/standard of proof/economic assessment
Steering Group Dinner
The Gatehouse Suite, Edinburgh Castle
Working Group Co-Chairs Dinner
Lady Libertine Restaurant
Day 2: Thursday 8 May
OECD meeting
Cartels Plenary – Opportunities and challenges: The fight against cartels
Food Project Plenary – Global market power in food and agricultural markets
Coffee break
Breakout Sessions
Advocacy – Advocating for competition in emerging areas – Food & agriculture, digital economy, BigTech & AI
HOA – Integrating between competition and industrial policy
Mergers – Market definition in digital mergers
Unilateral Conduct – Synergies between unilateral conduct enforcement and merger review
Cartels – Cross-border collaboration in detecting cartels
NGA Engagement – Pursuing the improvements to the NGA involvement within the ICN
HOA – Integrating between competition and industrial policy
Mergers – Market definition in digital mergers
Unilateral Conduct – Synergies between unilateral conduct enforcement and merger review
Cartels – Cross-border collaboration in detecting cartels
NGA Engagement – Pursuing the improvements to the NGA involvement within the ICN
ICN lunch
Breakout Sessions
Advocacy – Collaborations between competition authorities and sector regulators on emerging areas
Agency Effectiveness – Ex-post impact assessments of enforcement and advocacy work
Mergers – Review of mergers below the reporting thresholds: Comparative approaches
Unilateral Conduct – Challenges / interplay between competition law and other regulated sectors (including self-preferencing, among other issues)
Younger Agencies/Bridging Project – Building a new competition agenda from the perspective of young and small agencies
Enforcement Cooperation – Bridging the gaps through international enforcement cooperation
Agency Effectiveness – Ex-post impact assessments of enforcement and advocacy work
Mergers – Review of mergers below the reporting thresholds: Comparative approaches
Unilateral Conduct – Challenges / interplay between competition law and other regulated sectors (including self-preferencing, among other issues)
Younger Agencies/Bridging Project – Building a new competition agenda from the perspective of young and small agencies
Enforcement Cooperation – Bridging the gaps through international enforcement cooperation
Coffee break
Host Interview
Agency Effectiveness Plenary – New antitrust powers and tools in a fast-changing world
ICN / WB Advocacy Contest Winners
Conference Dinner
National Museum of Scotland
Day 3: Friday 9 May
Draft Article 102 Guidelines on exclusionary conduct
Breakout Sessions
Cartels – Using data science or any other technological process or tool to detect cartels
Advocacy – Advocating for fair competition in public procurement
Agency Effectiveness – Navigating the ICN Recommended Practices for investigative process: Enhancing due process with effective tools
Technology Session – Horizon scanning; approaches and future actions
Food – Different approaches to the same merger – the case of Bunge / Vittera or similar merger
Island and small economies
Advocacy – Advocating for fair competition in public procurement
Agency Effectiveness – Navigating the ICN Recommended Practices for investigative process: Enhancing due process with effective tools
Technology Session – Horizon scanning; approaches and future actions
Food – Different approaches to the same merger – the case of Bunge / Vittera or similar merger
Island and small economies
